Market Making

NFTH tokens are supported by automated market making that provides liquidity on HyperCore spot markets.

Why Automated Market Making?

Fractionalized NFT tokens face unique liquidity challenges:

  • Illiquid underlying - NFT floor prices update infrequently
  • Price uncertainty - Fair value depends on subjective NFT valuations
  • Thin orderbooks - Low trading volume leads to wide spreads

Automated market making addresses these challenges by continuously providing two-sided liquidity based on real-time price signals.

How It Works

Hybrid Oracle

The market maker uses a hybrid oracle that blends two price signals:

SignalStrengthWeakness
NFT Floor PriceFundamental value anchorUpdates slowly, can be stale
Market Price EMAReal-time, responsiveCan diverge from fundamentals

By combining both signals, the oracle achieves:

  • Bootstrap capability - New markets start with floor price
  • Price discovery - Market signal gains weight as trading develops
  • Staleness protection - Graceful degradation when floor data ages

The oracle dynamically adjusts how much it trusts each signal based on data freshness.

Price Ladder

Instead of quoting a single bid and ask, the market maker maintains a ladder of orders at fixed percentage intervals from the oracle price.

This creates:

  • Deep liquidity - Orders across a range of prices
  • Balanced books - Symmetric depth on both sides
  • AMM-like behavior - Buying pushes price up, selling pushes price down

Tranche Flipping

When an order fills, it creates a tranche that generates an order on the opposite side:

  1. A buy order fills at price X
  2. A sell order is placed at price X
  3. When the sell fills, profit is locked

This mechanism naturally mean-reverts inventory and captures the bid-ask spread.

Risk Management

Identified Risks

RiskDescription
Adverse SelectionInformed traders pick off stale quotes
Oracle ManipulationAttacker manipulates floor or market price
Inventory AccumulationOne-sided flow causes position buildup
Gap RiskLarge price jumps cause losses

Mitigations

For Adverse Selection:

  • EMA smoothing delays reaction to sudden moves
  • Velocity limits prevent chasing manipulated prices
  • Multiple price levels distribute risk

For Oracle Manipulation:

  • Percentile-based floor excludes outlier trades
  • Lookback window requires sustained price change
  • Blended oracle limits impact of manipulating one source

For Inventory Accumulation:

  • Tranche flipping creates natural mean reversion
  • Position limits cap total inventory
  • Size adjustment reduces exposure on accumulated side

For Gap Risk:

  • Price bands limit how far from oracle we quote
  • Per-order size limits cap exposure on any single trade
  • Circuit breakers pause on extreme moves

Operational Safeguards

Circuit Breakers

The market maker automatically pauses when:

  • Price moves beyond the configured band
  • Data staleness exceeds threshold
  • P&L exceeds loss limit
  • Inventory exceeds maximum position

Graceful Degradation

When conditions deteriorate:

  1. First - Widen spreads (less aggressive)
  2. Then - Reduce order sizes (lower exposure)
  3. Finally - Pause quoting (cancel all orders)

For Users

As a user, you benefit from market making through:

  • Tighter spreads - Better prices when trading
  • Deeper liquidity - Larger trades with less slippage
  • Price stability - Reduced volatility from arbitrage

The market maker operates transparently on-chain. All orders are visible in the orderbook like any other trader.

Technical Details

For technical documentation including algorithm specifics and deployment details, see the GitHub repository.